The technologies for production of ammonia urea have come a long way. With the improvement in technology, the specific energy consumption vis-à-vis cost of production has reduced considerably over last two decades. Although, the conventional technologies are being improved continuously, but major thrust should be given for improvement of unconventional technologies which promises use of renewable source of energy and are environmental friendly. To improve these technologies, industry and educational institutions should join hands for the brighter future.

2007 Awashti IFFCO IICHE Challenges and innovations in ammonia urea plants.pdf