This report discusses the present and future situation of the Dutch fertiliser industry. Process technology, markets, cost structure and environmental impact are described. Several future developments are analysed, including foreign competitors, agricultural and environmental policy and new technologies. The natural gas based ammonia production will remain at the core of fertiliser  ndustry within the coming decades. The position of the Dutch fertiliser industry is relatively strong because of proximity to markets. Decreasing demand of fertiliser is compensated by demand for plastic production. Energy and feedstock efficiency can be improved. Overall a modest decrease of energy consumption is expected.